MEETING DATE:
MARCH 11, 2025
SUBJECT:
Title
RESOLUTION NO. 2025-9415 - GUIDELINES FOR ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS POLICY AND PROCEDURES
Body
Recommendation
Recommendation
ADOPT a resolution approving updated Energy Storage Systems Policy and Procedures.
Body
Board or Commission Action
Not Applicable
Relevant Council Strategic Theme
Good Governance
Executive Summary
The City of San Marcos Fire Department has established Protection Guidelines for Lithium-Ion Energy Storage Systems (ESS) exceeding 600 kWh to ensure safety, compliance, and emergency preparedness. These guidelines align with NFPA 855 (2023) and the California Fire Code (CFC) and apply to both new and existing installations.
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) pose significant safety and operational risks, primarily due to thermal runaway, fire hazards, and explosion risks associated with lithium-ion batteries. Thermal runaway can lead to uncontrollable fires, toxic gas emissions, and potential explosions, making firefighter safety, fire suppression and explosion control critical.
Discussion
Regulatory and environmental challenges complicate BESS deployment, as evolving technology often outpaces standardized safety codes, leading to inconsistencies in protection measures. Concerns over chemical leaks, groundwater contamination, and battery disposal further highlight the need for stricter regulations and improved safety protocols. Addressing these risks through enhanced fire suppression, battery management systems, and emergency preparedness is essential for ensuring the safe and sustainable integration of BESS into the power grid.
BESS present significant safety and operational challenges, primarily due to the risk of thermal runaway, fire, and explosion hazards associated with lithium-ion batteries. Thermal runaway occurs when a battery cell overheats, leading to a chain reaction that can cause uncontrollable fires and toxic gas emissions. Unlike traditional fires, lithium-ion batte...
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